Researchers have developed a genetic test to identify which men are at highest risk for recurrence of prostate cancer following localized treatment with surgery or radiation therapy. Researchers at the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research and Toronto’s University Health Network say the test quickly determines which men with prostate cancer would do well with only surgery or radiation and those who would need additional treatment such as chemotherapy or hormone therapy. Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Doctor Robert Bristow says they hope to have the test validated, approved by Health Canada and ready for use in 5 years. It is estimated nearly 24,000 Canadian men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer this year; about 4,000 will die. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in men and the third leading cause of death. The findings are described in the online edition of the journal Lancet Oncology.