The Japanese government is raising the up its alarm over Chinese aggression, warning in a report that the country is facing its worst security threats since the Second World War as it plans to implement a new strategy that calls for a significant military buildup.

The 2023 defense white paper, which has been approved by Prime Minister Fumio Kishida’s Cabinet, is the first since the government adopted a controversial new National Security Strategy in December.

It is seen as a considerable break from Japan’s postwar policy limiting the use of force to self-defense.

The report indicates that China, North Korea and Russia contribute to “the most severe and complex security environment since the end of World War II.”