From the ashes of World War Two, three institutions were formed as linchpins of a new global order.

Now, in an unusual move, the top official in one the U.N. secretary-general is calling for significant changes in the other two.

Antonio Guterres claims the International Monetary Fund has benefited rich countries instead of poor ones.

Guterres describes the I.M.F. and World Bank’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic as a “glaring failure” that left many of countries deeply indebted.

Guterres’ criticisms came ahead of meetings called by French President Emmanuel Macron in Paris next week to address changes to the multilateral development banks and other issues.